The Analytics behind US Elections 2016

At under $5 each, Trump’s votes came cheap. Trump’s cost-effective win has upended prevailing concepts about the influence of money in American politics and raised the question of whether a lean, media-savvy campaign can become the new model for winning office in the United States.
— Reuters

Before decoding the 'How' of Trump's win, let us first look at the spending patterns by Winners over the past years.

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Though the fund rising has slowed down over the years, there is an increase in the spend on Analytics.

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There were a lot of factors that contributed towards Trump's win - primarily a lot of Analytics. It was a result of the combined forces of Behavioural Science, Big Data Analysis and the right Ad Targeting. 

Pretty much every message that Trump put out was data-driven.
— Cambridge Analytica CEO Alexander Nix
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We have profiled the personality of every adult in the United States of America—220 million people
— CEO, Cambridge Analytica

Trump was ahead of Hillary in Social Media Engagement.

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You can read the full report here https://datastudio.google.com/open/0BwnrUJGCqmnZT2E4eUpIZ2Vxa1k

The research on this report was done by Manju Prakash, RAP (Redwood Apprenticeship Programme) Intern, Redwood Algorithms; with assistance from Shefali Mahender, Digital Analytics Consultant, Redwood Algorithms. Compilation and presentation was done by Megha Malpani, Digital Analytics Consultant, Redwood Algorithms. The report was prepared under the guidance of Rajdeep Dutta, Head, Redwood Knowledge Centre.

Sources:

http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/national/read-full-transcript-trump-rally-speech-florida/DeDCpoNEKLQmWcIKndWB0M/ 

http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-donald-trump-immigration-speech-transcript-20160831-snap-htmlstory.html

http://hotinsocialmedia.com/hillary-clinton-vs-donald-trump-who-wins-on-social-media/

http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-spending-idUSKBN1341JR